Relativity Simplified
It’s not possible to tell which object
is moving because in absence of a force all objects will continue moving in the
same direction with the same speed forever.
1. Any observer can believe that they are standing still and the rest of the universe is moving around them, and every observer is equally correct.
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2. Any observer on earth can believe that planet is standing still and space ship is moving
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3. From the perspective of person inside space ship the ship is stationary and light will reflect straight up and down.
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4. From the perspective of person standing on earth light emitted
from shuttle will reflect back in V shape which will take longer time
than the straight up and down path. So her clock on earth will show more time
for light to reflect back.
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5. From her perspective from earth she will find the time taken for the clock on space ship to receive the light will be less compared to clock on earth.
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6. So she will find her clock on earth move faster than the clock on board on space shuttle.
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7. From the point of view of a person sitting on moving space shuttle – Everything inside the ship gets slower including the speed of thoughts of person sitting inside ,so for him everything will appear normally.
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8. If space ship will travel at the speed of light then time will go slow and will cease to exist.
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9. When times goes slower everything inside the ship even adams thoughts become slow due to this time seems to be normal for a person inside the ship, he will think ship is still and everything around is moving and their clocks are moving slowly.
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10. If three ships are moving at the same time ,time taken for light to travel to front and back ships from middle ship are equal.
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11. From
earth she will see the left ship receiving light faster than right ship since
all three are moving forward, so clock on left ship is running ahead clock on
right ship.
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12. From person relative to three ships the time on left ship is running ahead of time on right ship
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13. For the person sitting on middle ship the time on both the left and right ships is the same.
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14. When Command signal is given from middle ship to accelerates right and Left ships person on earth will see left ship receives the signal first and then right ship since all three are moving forward. So left ship approaches near to middle ship than right ship
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15. Big space ship can be considered as number of such small parts, which in turns relative to viewer from earth the ship overall size will shrink from left side towards right.
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16. Everything inside the space ship has gotten shorter by the exact same amount including the person inside the ship and his ruler so everything inside the space ship will look normal to person sitting inside the ship.
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17. So the person sitting inside will think the rest of universe is moving and ship is standing still ,so he will think that the rest of universe get shortened.
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18. If Sarah ship is moving on normal velocity and adams ship moving nearly at the speed of light, from sarahs point of view time on adam ship is moving slowly and everything on adams ship has more mass . So a ball dropped from adams ship will move slowly as per sarah and ball thrown up from sarahs ship will move fast as usual.
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19. When they collide it seems ball dropped from adam ship has more mass and both will bounce back but at different velocity, meaning ball dropped from adams ship has less momentum to cause her ball to bounce back. As an object move with more velocity its mass increases that’s why nothing can travel more than speed of light.
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20. If space ship moving nearly at the speed of light is suddenly accelerated person inside ship will experience a push backwards, since person sitting inside the ship feel his ship is still and rest of universe is moving he will think the push is caused by a gravitational force which causes the universe to accelerate. And his ship will exert an equal force against that to keep it in still position.
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21. His ship will remain still and universe trying to accelerate due to gravitational force.
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22. Gravity will bend light
Gravity will bend the light rays, but light speed is same for all observers in universe even though it is affected by gravity this means that gravity will affect the rate at which the time flows.
23. From the person sitting on ship he is standing still and earth is moving away from ship so time on earth will move slow for him. And for a person on earth the space ship moving nearly to speed of light time on space ship will cease to exist.
24. when he turns back and fires rocket to accelerate he will think gravity force is causing him to remain still and earth is accelerating towards him, so he will feel gravity field acting on him is causing time on earth to run fast than the time on his ship so more time is passed on earth. Gravity is a curvature in space time. In reality everything is moving straight and mass is causing the curvature which causes gravity. In case of black holes the curvature become infinity and time will stops, opposite of blackhole is whitehole and the only example is bigbang which created our universe.
Reference : you tube physics videos eugene khutoryansky
Relativity Explanations
Everything is relative, if something is moving it is moving relative to something else , If we want to predict how and aero plane move we should keep track on how air is moving relative to earth. Einstein proved that speed of light is the maximum speed at which anything can move relative to something else, No combinations of speed added together will exceed the speed of light, if we travel at space with speed of 2 * 10 power of 8 and watch a light flash coming towards us we would measure the speed of light flash as 3 * 10 power of 8 only…. Even if we are at stationary position we will measure the same speed of light.
We measure the speed of light in the same way like we use it for other parameters, so we need a distance and time scale which we can read, in order to read scale they have to be standing still relative to us, if we are standing still they must stand still to read, if they are moving we must move right along with us to read .The same had to be true for everyone measuring speed he uses a distant and time scale that do not move relative to him.
Everyone measures the same speed of light whether or not the source of light is moving with respect to him or standing still, that is using his own distance and time scale each person finds the light moving at 3 X 10 power of 8 m/sec. Einstein showed that while two different observers who are moving with respect to one another will measure the same speed of light they will measure different results for all other kinds of motion. The truth in physics is what we measure and there is no absolute truth.
The time interval between the ticks of a moving clock as measured by the stationary observer is
(1 / √1-vr 2 /c 2)
The distance between the marks on a moving scale as measured by stationary observer
√1-vr 2 /c 2
Subatomic particles will travel at high speeds nearly equal to speed of light, for example there are certain particles that last for only nanoseconds when they are motionless while if they are moving fast some can last over 10000 times long their clock is running 10000 times slower because they move relative to us with a speed equal to 99% of the speed of light.
